Problems of local environment
Introduction. The sphere of the Earth: atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere,
biosphere. Local sedimentary environments in lithosphere. Methods of research.
Lake sedimentary environment. Organic and inorganic compounds in lake water
and sediment. Stable and radioisotope composition of water, sediment and
plants in lake environment. Radioisotope and varve chronology of lake
sediments. Modeling of carbon cycle and changes of lake water level in
the past. Karst sedimentary environment. Speleothems and calcareous tufa
sedimentary conditions. Stable isotope composition of rocks, plants and
carbonates in karst environment. Methods of absolute chronology for
carbonates. Methods of palaeoclimate reconstruction on the basis of
stable isotope measurements. Atmosphere and biosphere. Carbon,
oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in atmosphere and biosphere. Photosynthesis
and isotope fractionation. Climatic record in isotopes composition of
tree rings. Industrial area. Carbon isotope composition of atmosphere
and biosphere in industrial area. Carbon isotopes 13C and 14C in tree
rings of pine from industrial area. Construction of time scale and
modeling of CO2 emission to atmosphere from fossil fuel combustion
in the period of last 150 years. Organic sedimentary environments.
Peat, gyttja and soils environments. Local palaeoclimatic chronostratigraphies
on the basis of dating of organic sediments.
Bibliography
Fritz P. and Fontes J. Ch. (eds) 1980. Handbook of Environmental
Isotope Geochemistry. The Terrestrial Environment, A, Vol. 1, Elsevier.
Fritz P. and Fontes J. Ch. (eds) 1986. Handbook of Environmental
Isotope Geochemistry. The Terrestrial Environment, B, Vol. 2, Elsevier.
Geyh M. A. and Schleicher H., 1990. Absolute Age Determination:
Physical and Chemical Dating Methods and Their Application. Springer Verlag.
Hercman H., 2000. Reconstruction of palaeoclimatic changes in
Central Europe between 10 and 200 thousand years BP, based on analysis
of growth frequency of speleothems. Studia Quternaria 17: 35-70.
Michczyńska D.J., 2003. Statystyczna analiza danych radiowęglowych w
badaniach zmian środowiska naturalnego w przeszłości (praca doktorska).
Pazdur A., 1987. Skład izotopowy węgla i tlenu holoceńskich martwic
wapiennych. Geochronometria 3: 1-93.
Peng G., Leslie L.M., Shao Y. (Eds.), 2002. Environmental Modelling and
Prediction. Berlin Heidelberg Springer-Verlag.
Visconti G., 2001. Fundamentals of Physics and Chemistry of the
Atmosphere. Berlin Heidelberg Springer-Verlag.
Other readings (journal papers) recommended by the lecturer
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